What was the idea behind citizens owning property in order to vote?

To suppress black republican voters and poor white republicans from being able to register to vote which pretty much eliminated the republican party in the south for decades and the democrats gained one party control through the southern states.

In 1789 when the Constitution came into effect, only white male property owners are allowed to vote none other than is allowed to vote not even white women.

The Idea behind is to suppress the Black voters and White poor voters who are republican because this process eliminate the republican party participation in the south for a long period and Democrats remain as the single-party control in the southern states.