1. How have the Iliad and the Odyssey contributed to an understanding of ancient Greece? Write your response in two to three complete sentences.

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2. How did geography affect the establishment and culture of ancient Greek city-states?

Write your response in three to four complete sentences.

1. What is important about these two parts of Greek history and literature is that it is very studied by the modern West, in the aspiration to define its own culture, as the successor to Greek culture. All subsequent events in Greek history were observed and comparable with these two Homer's works. It only says how important it is for the Greeks and later for modern civilization. The great contribution to the understanding of the ancient civilization, these works give, through the descriptions of honor and struggle for the adopted ideals, with the prize for honor and virtue, glory. Dying without glory is a disaster. This can be seen through the Odyssey and the Trojan War described in Ilijad.

2. The geographical characteristics of the peninsula forced the Greeks to live in isolated communities. Ancient Greece consisted of many independent cities of the states. The cities were separated by mountains, hills and water. In such conditions there was no possibility of agriculture, or very little. That is why the ancient Greeks relied on the journey of the sea and thus contributed to the spread of Greek culture.