Why did the education given to Athenian boys focus on the subjects that it did?

The Athenian boys were taught to read, write and quote portions of literary works. They also taught singing and playing and trained as athletes or trained as warriors. They did not acquire this education to qualify for a job but to earn the right to be full citizens.

Explanation:

Athenian girls were taught to read, write and the simple account needed to run a household. After their childhood, they almost never received additional education.

Boys from wealthy families who went to private schools were taken care of by pedagogues - paidagogos, domestic slaves who were selected specifically for this purpose and accompanied by these boys. Classes were held in teachers' homes where the boys were taught the above subjects. From the age of twelve, the boys practiced wrestling, running and discus throwing and javelin throwing. And the Athenians are older boys taught by more sophisticated disciplines such as culture, science, music and art. Education ended at 18 years followed by military training for 1-2 years.