What is technology? Name the two forms that technological advancement can take.

Technology is the application of human knowledge (which we call science) for achieving practical goals. There are different definitions offered for "two forms technological advancement can take."

One answer would be better methods and better tools/devices. Or another definition would distinguish between technological invention (creating a new tool or method) and technological innovation (improving on existing tools or methods).

When considered in the broad sense, there was already "technology" at work when humans determined how to use fire to work with metals like bronze and iron to make better tools for hunting, cooking, building, etc.

The development of a movable type printing press in Europe in the 15th century (and prior to that in China) also was an example of advancement in technology. Today we see technology applied in ever more complex ways, to create new power sources, communication methods, transportation methods, medical treatments, etc.