Which of the following leaders used terror, determination, and vision to reach his goals, even at the cost of millions of Soviet lives?

a. Franklin

d. Roosevelt

b. Mohandas Gandhi

c. Nelson Mandela

d. Joseph Stalin

D. Joseph stalin he was head of state for the Russians during ww2

d. Roosevelt

After the breakup of the Soviet Union, 15 of its former republics became independent. 3 of which, namely Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine, formed the Commonwealth of Independent States or CIS on December 1991. This consisted of the following members: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan. There is one associate member which is Turkmenistan. Ukraine, on the other hand, is recognized as a founding and participating country, but not a legal member. Georgia left the organization at around 2008-2009. In the year 2014, Ukraine declined its chairmanship and considered its ties with the organization.