What are the two major political parties and what roles do they play in our government?

The two major political parties in the United States are the Democrats (traditional symbol of a Donkey) and the Republicans (traditional symbol of an Elephant). The Democrats represent political leanings that move more towards socialism or communism. The Republicans represent political leanings that are based in capitalism. Perhaps an oversimplification, but the political parties play the opposites of the the political spectrum of socialism, benefit for the many, and capitalism, benefit for the few. Of course, there are many different people who associate with a particular party, but their views on issues, may be more neutral or open to change.