Colonialism is the practice by which a nation-state extends its political and military power beyond its own borders over an extended period of time to secure access to cheap labor, raw materials and better markets.

colonialism also has set the stage for

Colonialism also set the stage for the spread of virulent diseases, unequal social relations, exploitation, enslavement, medical advances, the creation of new institutions, abolitionism, improved infrastructure, and technological progress. Colonial practices also spur the spread of colonist languages, literature and cultural institutions, while endangering or obliterating those of native peoples. The native cultures of the colonized peoples can also have a powerful influence on the imperial country.