What event made it apparent that Russia was desperately in need of reform?

a. the Crimean War

b. the freeing of the serfs

c. the creation of zemstvos

d. the commission of the Trans-Siberian railroad

One of the things that made it apparent that Russia was desperately in need of reform was " the creation of zemstvos", since this was one of the largest liberal reforms to take place in Russia's history.