Why, do you think, does Hughes seem sarcastic throughout most of this essay? Toward what or whom does he direct his sarcasm? Do you think his feelings are justified? Explain.

Hughes seems sarcastic because the language that he uses is sarcastic. He is aggravated over the treatment of African Americans in Harlem at that time. He directs his sarcasm toward white people. He is aggravated that there are still many places that African American's cannot go (clubs), including a club called the Cotton Club. His feelings are justified because discrimination was alive and well during this time period.