The key federal law dealing with employee protection from the financial impact of retirement is the

The key federal law dealing with employee protection from the financial impact of retirement is the Social Security Act.

Explanation:

The Social Security Act, signed into law in 1935, created the US Social Security, officially named "The Federal Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance," which is an insurance program funded through payroll taxes collected by the government and that provides financial protection and benefits to retirees and disabled people, as well as to their spouses, children, and survivors, this way the Act has become a key federal law that protects employee from the financial impact of retirement.