The "iron law of oligarchy" is a principle

A. under which organizations are established on the basis of common interests.

B. of organizational life according to which even democratic organizations will become bureaucracies ruled by a few individuals.

C. of organizational life according to which each individual in a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence.

D. under which organizations are created to maximize efficiency and effectiveness.

B. Of organizational life according to which even democratic organizations will become bureaucracies ruled by a few individuals.

Explanation:

The "iron law of oligarchy" notes that all types of organization must gradually and inevitably develop oligarchic tendencies, regardless of how democratic they may be at the outset, rendering true democracy actually and theoretically impossible, particularly in large groups and complex organisations, it is an Organizational theory in which even a democratic entity inevitably evolves into a bureaucracy dominated by a few individuals.

The "iron law of oligarchy " reflects that if a democratic organisation, then a non-democratic organisation, will never be fully democratic.

The correct option is B, of organizational life according to which even democratic organizations will become bureaucracies ruled by a few individuals.

Explanation:

In the first place, is a form of government where a small group of elites rule a nation and decides its future.

Iron law of oligarchy is an offshoot of oligarchy where democratically perceived organizations begin to lean towards undemocratic ideologies as well as entertaining bureaucracy.

Bureaucracy is a system of government when top government officials begin to decide on state matters rather than the elected representatives.

Iron law of oligarchy is better perceived in African countries where democratically presidents resolve to making laws that would give them a life tenure.