There are 7 coins that look identical. One of the seven coins weighs slightly less than the other 6. Using a balance scale, how could you determine which is the lightest coin in just 2 weighings?

Start by putting two coins on each side of the scale. If one side is higher, then the light coin must be in that pair (use a second weighing to determine which of that pair is the lightest.)

If the initial weighing shows the two pairs to be even, discard those four and go to the three others. Put two of the coins on the scale - one on each side. If one side stays higher, that coin is your light one. If however they are equal, the final unweighed coin must be the lighter coin.