When a new drug is created, the pharmaceutical company must subject it to testing before receiving the necessary permission from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market the drug. Suppose the null hypothesis is "the drug is unsafe." What is the Type II Error?

a. The Type II Error would be to claim the drug is unsafe when, in fact, it is safe.

b. The Type II Error would be to claim the drug is unsafe when, in fact, it is unsafe.

c. The Type II Error would be to claim the drug is safe when, in fact, it is unsafe.

d. The Type II Error would be to claim the drug is safe when, in fact, it is safe

The correct option is (a).

Step-by-step explanation:

A type II error is a statistical word used within the circumstance of hypothesis testing that defines the error that take place when one is unsuccessful to discard a null hypothesis that is truly false. It is symbolized by β i. e.

β = Probability of accepting H₀ when H₀ is false.

In this case we need to test the hypothesis whether the new drug is safe or not.

The hypothesis can be defined as:

H₀: The new drug is not safe.

Hₐ: The new drug is safe.

The type error will be committed if we conclude that the null hypothesis will not be rejected, i. e. concluding that the new drug is not safe when in fact it is safe.

Thus, the correct option is (a).