4. Some countries do not have sentences for the term of "life." In places like Spain and Norway, offenders are sentenced for a specific number of years for murder, typically over 20 years. What factors might affect the sentence lengths that different countries use for similar crimes?

The factors might affect the sentence lengths that different countries use for similar crimes:

1. The offender is a first-time or repeat offender

2. The offender was an accessory or the main offender.

3. The offender committed the crime under great personal stress or duress.

4. Sometimes the offender is genuinely contrite or remorseful.