The X-ray report of a client indicates a reduction in the alveolar surface area. Which condition can be inferred from this finding?

Atelectasis

Explanation:

Atelectasis is defined as the partial or completely collapsion of lungs, it is caused because of the collapse of tiny sacs of lungs or with the possibility, that these space is filled by the alveolar fluid.

Atelectasis is the condition in which the surface area of the alveolar is collapse, this can be caused due to the absence of surfactants. This condition will result in decrease or reduction of gas exchange.