If you precisely measure the position of a particle, you

A. destroy its wave nature. B. cause it to diffract. C. destroy all information about its speed or momentum. D. cause the particle to be annihilated.

Answer: destroy all information about its speed or momentum

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle postulates that the fact that each particle has a wave associated with it, imposes restrictions on the ability to determine its position and speed at the same time.

In other words:

It is impossible to measure simultaneously (according to quantum physics), and with absolute precision, the value of the position and the momentum (linear momentum) of a particle.

So, the greater certainty is seeked in determining the position of a particle, the less is known its linear momentum and, therefore, its mass and velocity.

It should be noted that this uncertainty does not derive from the measurement instruments, but from the measurement itself. Because, even with the most precise devices, the uncertainty in the measurement continues to exist.

Thus, in general, the greater the precision in the measurement of one of these magnitudes, the greater the uncertainty in the measure of the other complementary variable.