What is the english name for the element the romans called cuprum?

It was cyprium or also Cyprus

Here you go!

The Latin term, during the Roman Empire, was aes cyprium; "aes" was the generic term for copper alloys such as bronze). Cyprium means "Cyprus" or "which is from Cyprus", where so much of it was mined; it was simplified to cuprum and then eventually Anglicized as copper (Old English coper/copor).

(Source: Wikipedia)