Will loud sounds from traffic near a school break glass objects inside the school

No. Loudness is proportional to the amplitude of the sound wave, and does not generally change its frequency. Sounds from traffic near a school will only break glass objects inside the school if the waves' frequency is the same as the resonant frequency of glass. Pitch is related to the frequency of the sound wave. So the pitch of the sounds has to correspond to the resonant frequency of glass objects inside the school for the glass to break.