What is judicial review?

a. the Chief Justice's review of the associate justices

b. when the court rules against the defendant in a case

c. the court's examination of the constitutionality of the actions of Congress and the president

d. a congressional check against the actions of the judicial branch

Judicial Review is the Court's Examination of the Constitutionality of the actions of Congress and the President (and the court's right to nullify what the other branches of government have done if they find it unconstitutional). This process was first established by the Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court Case.