The practice of assuming that people who fit certain descriptions are likely to be engaged in illegal activities is referred to as racial profiling. institutionalized stereotyping. prejudice. discrimination.

Answer is: racial profiling.

Racial profiling is when someone target or suspect a person of a certain race based on a stereotype about their race.

Example for racial profiling in US is harsh treatment of some Afro-Americans or other minority groups (Hispanic and Latino Americans) by law enforcement.