In "Vampires and Vixens" Alison Happel and Jennifer Esposito explain that popular culture is a site of

Popular culture accepts violence and oppression of women, along with macho attitudes in vampire films ... Alison Happel and Jennifer Esposito analyze in their book, such as the role of women, vampires, and the sexualization of female characters, as well as aspects of feminism and machismo, can be found in the movie Twilight, from the novel by Stephanie Meyer. The writer of Twilight, tries to create a strong feminine character that takes care of itself, but she fails, and in the end the protagonist is submissive with the masculine personage; according to her analysis, the novel and the film instead of empowering the woman with her character, promotes domestic violence and makes it seem desirable and attractive, which becomes a problem in popular culture.