During which of these time periods did writers examine and expose the social economic and political problems of society using the dialect or language of the people

The correct answer is - during Realism.

Realism was a literary era where writers wanted to show the real state of affairs, and not the romanticized version of life. They strove to depict the real struggles of life, using the language that ordinary people used in their everyday lives, in order to show all socioeconomic problems they faced at the time.