An industry dumps waste in an area adjacent to where members of racial and ethnic minorities reside. What is this practice called?

Environmental racism is the correct answer.

The environmental justice movement came up with this concept and it developed in the United States after the 1970s. The term environmental racism is used to describe a type of discrimination where minority group neighborhoods, which are made up of people of color and of low-income, are forced to live close to a disproportionate number of hazards such as waste and pollution.