According to learning theorists: a. behavior arises from moral beliefs. b. negative reinforcement is the most effective way to teach moral belief. c. moral behavior arises through reason. d. moral beliefs arise from a habit of moral behavior that is the product of reinforcement.

D - Moral beliefs arise from a habit of moral behavior that is the product of reinforcement.

Explanation:

Moral beliefs according to learning theorists is a product of behaviors that have undergone reinforcement. A belief becomes part of a person after behaviors associated with the belief have been carried out frequently, etching it as a part of the individual's moral system.

Reinforcement involves the process of increasing the probability of a behavior by a stimulus soon after the behavior is performed. This behavior is referred to as a response. This reinforcement could either be positive or negative reinforcement.

In positive reinforcement, a reward is obtained when this moral behavior is elicited. In negative reinforcement however, undesirable or negative conditions are taken away when the attitude is elicited. These both work toward achieving repetition of a certain response or behavior which soon becomes a part of a belief system if repeated long enough and made into a habit.