Cities are usually considered a sign of complex societies. Why? Consider not just their physical qualities, but also the nature of the societies and cultures that built them.

Complex society is a concept of social sciences, particularly of anthropology and archeology, which is applied to a social formation that develops with a sophisticated level of social complexity. The features that characterize such a level of complexity appear from a certain Population size of a human community (the larger the population, the more complex and rich the coexistence of its members tends to be), and they grow with the extension of the division of labor that specializes members of those societies in particular activities, making each one dependent on the others to obtain goods and services, within a regulated system of uses and customs, such as laws, legal systems and political institutions, such as the State.

Cases in the Middle East and the Mediterranean

Cases in Asia Meridiona

Cases in the Far East

Cases in northern Eurasia

Cases in America

Cases in Africa