What was the philosophical idea that humans have a knowledge that goes beyond what they can hear, see, touch or taste?

The Epistemology of Perception

Explanation:

The philosophy of perception is concerned with the nature of perceptual experience and the status of perceptual data, in particular how they relate to beliefs about, or knowledge of, the world, the processes of seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, and tasting by which we become aware of or apprehend ordinary objects such as chairs, tables, rocks, and trees.

According to Locke's Theory of Perception

-Perception is built out of simple ideas of sensation.

-Can touch, see, hear, and taste the object.

-Each idea is communicated to the mind from the senses and then the mind puts it together and makes an idea of the object.

-The idea of the object in the mind is a subjective idea, it arises from an objective object interacting with his senses.