Dependency theorists argue that low-income countries are locked in a downward spiral of poverty. This is due, they argue, to what process?

Exploitation by wealthy European countries

Explanation:

The worldwide stratification cultural description is called the theory of dependency or the dependency theory.

The opinions of this theory strongly challenge the assumptions of modernization theory.

While the theory of modernization attributes worldwide stratification to wrong cultural norms and methods in poor countries, the theory of dependence blames the exploitation of these countries by rich countries for worldwide stratification.