Martin decides to start a religious movement of people who both work and worship with intensity. He studies religious history and decides to create a theology that will make people feel insecure about their eternal destiny so that they will work hard in an attempt to prove themselves worthy. Martin's religious movement is an application of whose theory?

Answer: Max Weber theory

Explanation: Max Weber was a political scientist and sociologist who represented the so-called Protestant work ethic, which he associated with capitalism and bureaucracy. The reason is that he sees a successful economy as hard work guided by bureaucratic sharp and strict rules as a guarantee of success and proof of value. It is well known that many Protestant countries have been proven for successful economies and hard work. Many argue that Weber would not agree with today's liberal style of management that is flexible and open to new ideas and views. Protestant work ethic is also associated with religious beliefs, the hard work characteristic of this ethic is the result of the conviction that personal moral value and satisfaction can thus be gained. Strict bureaucratic rules are a kind of monitoring and evaluation of whether individuals' moral values are attained and demonstrated.

By creating a religion as described, Martin would create a work ethic for people to prove their worth, which means hard work, all because of a sense of insecurity. In such circumstances, strict bureaucratic rules of management create an atmosphere in which hard work comes as proof of value in response to uncertainty and the belief that proving value will justify them themselves and gain moral satisfaction for their achievement. This moral satisfaction is somewhat reassuring in terms of eternal insecurity.

All this, of course, applies only to Protestant ethics, because if we take, for example, ethics that are not concerned with eternal insecurity then many liberal and not so rigorous ideas are possible, such as the aforementioned liberal management, liberal and not rigorous ideas, views, deviations from set rules in terms of independent decision-making without over-consulting the management and the like.