Which bureaucratic theory states that bureaucrats are specialists who attempt to resolve problems through logical reasoning and data analysis instead of instinct and guesswork, and that individual advancement is based on merit, rather than political connections?

The answer is the Weberian model.

Explanation:

Developed by Max Weber, this model established that an ideal bureaucracy is organised and ruled by systematic procedures. For this reason, the model is also apolitical.

The goal of this model is to provide and orderly and peaceful society, and develop a system for improving the execution of simple, repetitive tasks.