Ralph ate sushi for lunch, and an hour later he felt sick to his stomach. In this situation, classical conditioning might occur. In other words, Ralph might learn an association between sushi and feeling sick because the two events

d) Are paired closely in timing

Explanation:

The options for this question are missing. The options are:

a) Related to biological needs

b) Not related

c) Prohibit normal functioning

d) Are paired closely in timing

In psychology, classical conditioning is a form of learning which comes from pairing two stimulus that were unrelated in order to learn.

First, we have a stimulus that creates a natural response, these are the unconditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response. However, this stimulus is presented at the same time (or paired) with another one that originally causes no response at all (unconditioned stimulus) and once it's been paired, the unconditioned response takes place at the same time as the unconditioned stimulus and they are now known as conditioned stimulus and conditioned response.

In this example, Ralph ate sushi and one hour later he felt sick, he might learn to associate these two events because they were presented closely in time and therefore were paired this way and they will be associated. Thus, he might learn an association between sushi and feeling sick because the two events are paired closely in timing

Answer: are paired closely in timing.

Explanation: The time between the consumption of sushi and Ralph's sick feeling could spark or trigger an association between a conditioned or potent stimulus, which is the sushi Ralph consumed for lunch and an unconditioned stimulus, which in this case is the sick feeling felt by Ralph in his stomach. This association between a conditioned stimulus and a previously unconditioned stimulus, leading to a conditioned response is called classical conditioning. The association or pairing between both stimulus is the timing of the occurrence of both stimulus.