Which theory postulates that you acquire your attitudes according to your goals?

A. classical conditioning theory

B. cognitive dissonance theory

C. functional theory

D. social identity theory

B. Cognitive Dissonance theory. Another way for you to have answered this was by process of elimination. The word Cognitive has the root word Cogn - or cog - from latin meaning 'to learn.' So the question asks about acquiring your attitudes towards goals. The only answer that makes sense is B.