Francis is passive, clingy, and dependent, with a pessimistic outlook on life. in which psychosexual stage might francis be fixated

The answer is "Oral".

Sigmund Freud recommended that mental and psychological improvement in youth happens in a progression of settled psychose*ual stages which are these five: oral, an*l, phallic, latency, and genital.

These are called psychose*ual stages in light of the fact that each stage speaks to the obsession or generally interpreted as sexual drives or senses on an alternate zone of the body.

Francis is fixated on the oral psychosexual stage. Orally fixated individuals tend to be passive, needy and does not like rejection. There are two forms of oral fixation:

Oral receptive personality - are usually preoccupied and reduces tension and anxiety through various forms of oral activities like smoking/drinking, eating and nail-biting.

Oral aggressive personality - individuals with this type of personality are usually hostile and verbally abusive towards others.