To analyze how their subjects feel and think about deviance, phenomenologists use the method of

a. ethnography.

b. surveys.

c. introspection.

d. construction.

I believe the answer is: ethnography

ethnography is the act of using scientific method to analyze a certain society or a culture. With ethnography, researchers could know the moral standard that held by each societies and determine the type of behaviors that they considered as 'proper' and the type of behaviors that they consider as deviance.