What effect does the release of volcanic gases and ash into the air have on long-term climate?

It allows radiation to seep through the ozone and lowers temperatures.

It causes temperatures to rise.

It reflects solar energy back into space and lowers temperatures.

It causes rainstorms.

It reflects solar energy back into space and lowers temperatures.

Explanation:

In volcanoes magma can rise close to the surface, come into contact with water sheets and form steam. If your pressure rises too much, the vapor eventually breaks the surface and releases the magma, which, outside the volcano, becomes lava. Therefore, in addition to lava and ash, the volcano expels water vapor and various gases, such as carbon dioxide and sulfur gases. Gases and ashes rise into the atmosphere and reflect solar energy back into space and reduce temperatures. In addition, ashes cause various problems for aviation.

I think it reflects solar energy back into space and lowers temperatures.