Mineral crystals of quartz, biotite mica, and amphibole are produced primarily by the A) chemical reaction of elements in seawater

B) cooling and specification of magma

C) deposition of sediments by a glacier

D) metamorphism of bituminous coal

C) Mineral crystals of quartz deposition of sediments by a glacier. It is common in metalliferous deposits and carbonate rocks. The quartz cannot be in chemical equilibrium with olivine in a magma since the quartz reacts with the olivine forming enstatite.

Answer is: B) cooling and specification of magma.

Specific minerals form at specific temperatures as a magma cools.

The mica group are silicate (phyllosilicate) minerals.

Amphibole is group of generally dark-colored, inosilicate minerals with SiO₄ tetrahedra, quartz is also silicon-oxygen tetrahedra.