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14 August, 12:16

At 25C, K = 0.090 for the reaction:H2O (g) + Cl2O (g) 2HOCl (g) Calculate the concentrations of all species at equilibrium for eachof the following cases: (a) 1.0g H2O and 2.0g Cl2O are mixed in a1.0-L flask. (b) 1.0 mol pure HOCl is placed in a 2.0-L flask.

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  1. 14 August, 15:01
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    a) [H2O] = 0.05093 M

    [Cl2O] = 0.01843 M

    [HClO] = 0.00914 M

    b) [H2O] = 0.2174M

    [Cl2O] = 0.2174M

    [HClO] = 0.0652 M

    Explanation:

    Step 1: Data given

    Temperature = 25 °C

    K = 0.090

    Step 2: The balanced equation

    H2O (g) + Cl2O (g) ⇆ 2HOCl (g)

    (a) 1.0g H2O and 2.0g Cl2O are mixed in a1.0-L flask.

    moles H20 = 1.00 / 18.02 g/mol = 0.0555 moles

    Moles Cl2O = 2.00 grams / 86.91 g/mol = 0.0230 moles

    Step 3: The initial concentration

    [H2O] = 0.0555 M

    [Cl2O] = 0.0230 M

    [HOCl] = 0M

    Step 4: Calculate concentration at equilibrium

    For 1 mol H2O we need 1 mol Cl2O to produce 2 moles of HOCl

    There will react X of H2O and X of Cl2O, there will be produce 2X of HOCl

    The concentration at the equilibrium is:

    [H2O] = (0.0555-X) M

    [Cl2O] = (0.0230-X) M

    [HClO] = 2X

    Kc = 0.090

    Kc = [HOCl]² / [H2O][Cl2O]

    0.090 = 4X² / (0.0555-X) (0.0230-X)

    K = 0.090 = 4X² / (0.072-X) (0.018-X)

    X = 0.0045 7

    [H2O] = 0.0555 - 0.00457 = 0.05093 M

    [Cl2O] = 0.0230 - 0.00457 = 0.01843 M

    [HClO] = 2*0.00457 = 0.00914 M

    b) 1.0 mol pure HOCl is placed in a 2.0-L flask.

    H2O (g) + Cl2O (g) ⇆ 2HOCl (g)

    Step 1: The initial concentration

    [H2O] = 0 M

    [Cl2O] = 0M

    [HOCl] = 1.00 mol / 2L = 0.500 M

    Step 2: The concentration at the equilibrium

    For 1 mol H2O we need 1 mol Cl2O to produce 2 moles of HOCl

    There will be produced X of H2O and X of Cl2O, while there will be consumed 2X of HOCl

    [H2O] = XM

    [Cl2O] = XM

    [HOCl] = (0.500 - 2X) M

    Kc = 0.090 = (0.50 - 2X) ² / X²

    0.090 = (0.0025 - 2 + 4X²) / X²

    X = 0.2174

    [H2O] = 0.2174M

    [Cl2O] = 0.2174M

    [HClO] = 0.500 - 2*0.2174 = 0.0652 M
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