1. A 99.8 mL sample of a solution that is 12.0% KI by mass (d: 1.093 g/mL) is added to 96.7 mL of another solution that is 14.0% Pb (NO3) 2 by mass (d: 1.134 g/mL). How many grams of PbI2 should form?

Pb (NO3) 2 (aq) + 2 KI (aq) PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq)

The mass of PbI2 will be 18.2 grams

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Volume solution = 99.8 mL = 0.0998 L

mass % KI = 12.0 %

Density = 1.093 g/mL

Volume of the other solution = 96.7 mL = 0.967 L

mass % of Pb (NO3) 2 = 14.0 %

Density = 1.134 g/mL

Step 2: The balanced equation

Pb (NO3) 2 (aq) + 2 KI (aq) ⇆ PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq)

Step 3: Calculate mass

Mass = density * volume

Mass KI solution = 1.093 g/mL * 99.8 mL

Mass KI solution = 109.08 grams

Mass KI solution = 109.08 grams * 0.12 = 13.09 grams

Mass of Pb (NO3) 2 solution = 1.134 g/mL * 96.7 mL

Mass of Pb (NO3) 2 solution = 109.66 grams

Mass of Pb (NO3) 2 solution = 109.66 grams * 0.14 = 15.35 grams

Step 4: Calculate moles

Moles = mass / molar mass

Moles KI = 13.09 grams / 166.0 g/mol

Moles KI = 0.0789 moles

Moles Pb (NO3) 2 = 15.35 grams / 331.2 g/mol

Moles Pb (NO3) 2 = 0.0463 moles

Step 5: Calculate the limiting reactant

For 1 mol Pb (NO3) 2 we need 2 moles KI to produce 1 mol PbI2 and 2 moles KNO3

Ki is the limiting reactant. It will completely be consumed (0.0789 moles). Pb (NO3) 2 is in excess. There will react 0.0789/2 = 0.03945 moles. There will remain 0.0463 - 0.03945 = 0.00685 moles

Step 6: Calculate moles PbI2

For 1 mol Pb (NO3) 2 we need 2 moles KI to produce 1 mol PbI2 and 2 moles KNO3

For 0.0789 moles KI we'll have 0.0789/2 = 0.03945 moles PbI2

Step 7: Calculate mass of PbI2

Mass PbI2 = moles PbI2 * molar mass PbI2

Mass PbI2 = 0.03945 moles * 461.01 g/mol

Mass PbI2 = 18.2 grams