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31 May, 06:56

The total number of valence electrons in the phosphate ion is

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  1. 31 May, 09:21
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    32

    Step-by-step explanation:

    There are two ways you can count the valence electrons.

    A. From the Periodic Table

    1 * P (Group 15) = 5

    4 * O (Group 16) = 4 * 6 = 24

    +3 e⁻ (for the charges) = 3

    Total = 32

    B. From the Lewis structure

    In the Lewis structure (below), each line (bond) represents a pair of bonding electrons, and each dot represents an unbound electron (half a lone pair).

    5 lines (bonds) = 5 * 2 = 10

    3 single-bonded O atoms = 3 * 6 = 18

    1 double-bonded O atom = 4

    Total = 32
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