Describe the social changes associated with industrialization?

"These urban centers require the input of external energy sources in order to overcome the diminishing returns of agricultural consolidation, due partially to the lack of nearby arable land, associated transportation and storage costs, and are otherwise unsustainable. This makes the reliable availability of the needed energy resources a high priority in industrial government policies. Some theoreticians - namely Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens and Manuel Castells-argue that we are located in the middle of a transformation or transition from industrial societies to post-modern societies. The triggering technology for the change from an agricultural to an industrial organization was steam power, allowing mass production and reducing the agricultural work necessary. Thus many industrial cities are built on rivers. Identified as catalyst or trigger for the transition to post-modern or informational society is global information technology."