A block lies on a horizontal frictionless surface. A horizontal force of 100 N is applied to the block giving rise to an acceleration of 3.0 m/s2.

(a) Determine the mass of the block.

(b) Calculate the distance the block will travel if the force is applied for 10 s.

(c) Calculate the speed of the block after the force has been applied for 10 s

(a) m = 33.3 kg

(b) d = 150 m

(c) vf = 30 m/s

Explanation:

Newton's second law to the block:

∑F = m*a Formula (1)

∑F : algebraic sum of the forces in Newton (N)

m : mass s (kg)

a : acceleration (m/s²)

Data

F = 100 N

a = 3.0 m/s²

(a) Calculating of the mass of the block:

We replace dta in the formula (1)

F = m*a

100 = m*3

m = 100 / 3

m = 33.3 kg

Kinematic analysis

Because the block moves with uniformly accelerated movement we apply the following formulas:

d = v₀t + (1/2) * a*t² Formula (2)

vf = v₀+a*t Formula (3)

Where:

d:displacement in meters (m)

t : time interval in seconds (s)

v₀: initial speed in m/s

vf: final speed in m/s

a: acceleration in m/s²

Data

a = 3.0 m/s²

v₀ = 0

t = 10 s

(b) Distance the block will travel if the force is applied for 10 s

We replace dta in the formula (2):

d = v₀t + (1/2) * a*t²

d = 0 + (1/2) * (3) * (10) ²

d = 150 m

(c) Calculate the speed of the block after the force has been applied for 10 s

We replace dta in the formula (3):

vf = v₀+a*t

vf = 0 + (3 * (10)

vf = 30 m/s