hief Justices did the Supreme Court render many decisions advancing civil liberties, especially in the criminal context?

Warren.

Explanation:

Earl Warren was an American politician, who served as a fourteenth Chief Justice of the United States. The serving time of Warren as a Chief Justice was between 1953-1969. The case Brown v. Board of education of Topeka is considered as a landmark case of Chief Justice Warren. In this case, he unconstitutionalized racial segregation in public schools.

In his court and under his leadership, cases related to criminal inequalities, defense of human rights, civil liberties, etc were solved and sought.

So, the correct answer is Chief Justice Warren.