The problem of consciousness is the main challenge against ...

none of the above

physicalism.

dualism.

idealism.

Answer: dualism.

Explanation:

The hard problem of consciousness refers to the impossibility of finding an explanation of consciousness with the usual scientific method.

Even is science can explain the functional, dynamical, and structural features of the conscious mind, consciousness itself still denotes the boundaries of what science can reveal.

Solving the problem of consciousness would mean to close the explanatory gap between neuroscience and consciousness. This is the main challenge of dualism because it claims that consciousness is ontologically different from anything physical

dualism.